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MATURITY LEVELS

For assessment of the position in the digital transformation process and probability of using the full potential of being a smart city is suggested for municipalities that hope to stay innovative. After an analysis of the literature, and the developing a “SMART” framework, the next step is to design a Maturity Model, that is used to define a total of six levels of smart city maturity:

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Level 0 Outsiders:  At this level, there is not any implementation of smartness in the cities. Level 0 is also assigned as the concept of smart city was either unknown or irrelevant to them. First, the importance of the smart city approach should be widened, then the strategies should be developed to implement smart city criteria. 

 Level 1 Beginner: In these levels of cities, pilot applications are observed in certain areas in accord-ance with the smart city concept. There is no general guide for advanced change in digital transformation yet. Stakeholder engagement is focused on specific services and limited by a lack of clear and accessible information about the performance of city services. There is still no full awareness of the smart city concept, but munici-palities have some implementations for cities. The basic prerequisite for initiating data-driven services is adapting to gradually expand information sharing among systems for the municipalities. Municipalities need to define which skills are needed for developing a smart city. Then municipalities need to educate the citizens about these needed skills. Since it is the most important criterion, ICT architecture should be designed to support further digital modeling and data sharing.
 

Level 2 Intermediate: According to the previous level, the concept of a smart city is formed. An intermedi-ate-level city combines the smart city concept in its strategic orientation. The ICT infrastructure does not meet all the requirements for future expansion. Information sharing in the municipality has to some extent been integrated into the system, and initial steps have been taken to integrate information sharing with the municipalities of other cities. Department-level commitments are made to invest in digital channels to increase citizen participation. In some areas, people working in the municipality have the skills needed to expand according to the smart city concept. For successful city management, local governments should share their decisions, strategies, and initiatives related to expanding their internet networks, as well as present some guidelines (Odendaal, 2013). Participation in decision-making and government strategies should be the center of attention for intermediate cities.

Level 3 Experienced: A municipality at this level has created a smart city strategy. Making smart city-related investments and introducing smart city practices to citizens. A shared vision, strategy, and roadmap have been prepared for the ‘smart’ city with multiple partners in multiple areas. Investments are made in advanced data management, analysis, and Big Data applications. Municipalities at this level should conduct more detailed analyses to see if the data they collect has a greater potential for use. Increasing data usage level and related ICT add-on functionality allow digitization of products and integrating citizen data more closely into internal processes. Smart mobility solu-tions are aimed at reducing traffic congestion and promoting smoother, environmen-tally friendly, and less expensive modes of transportation (Deloitte GovLab, 2015). At this level, it is recommended for local governments to focus on efficient resource management and/or sustainable transportation systems.

Level 4 Expert: The expert city is already using a smart city strategy and watching with appropriate indicators. Investments are made in almost all relevant areas and the process is sup-ported by innovation centers. A citywide vision, strategy and roadmap have been established. IT systems support most of the municipal activities and collect large amounts of data used for optimization. Further expansion is possible as the infra-structure already meets future integration requirements. Information sharing, both within the municipality and with the municipalities of other cities, is largely inte-grated into the system. IT security regulations are used in related areas, and it is versatile with cloud-based regulations. The expert city is beginning to explore au-tonomous guided pieces of work and self-reacting processes. The workpiece and processes have it-based plug-in functions that enable data collection and targeted analysis during the use phase. Data-based services have direct integration between citizens and the municipality. Patients will be trained and enlisted to voluntarily assist in their diagnosis before, after, and during a hospital stay in the future (Deloitte, 2018). For the expert city, the least important criteria such as health con-ditions and/or cultural facilities are recommended to be improved to achieve level 5.

Level 5 Top Performer: A municipality has already adopted a smart city plan at this stage and periodically tracks the progress of other initiatives being implemented. This is supported by gov-ernment-wide investments. The municipality has set up enterprise-wide management of innovation. The city has placed inclusive and personalized participation models that promote innovation and collaborative approaches across all sectors. There is a high level of digital literacy across the community and there is assistance or alterna-tive services for those who need it.

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